HIV Prevention: Understanding PrEP and PEP
Learn the difference between PrEP and PEP and why timely clinical assessment and follow-up matter.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is medicine used by people who do not have HIV to reduce their chance of acquiring HIV. The available options and instructions depend on the medicine and a person's circumstances. A healthcare professional should assess whether PrEP is suitable and arrange the required HIV testing and follow-up.
Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is emergency medicine considered after a possible HIV exposure. It should be started as soon as possible, and no later than 72 hours after exposure. PEP is generally taken for 28 days, with follow-up testing and care.
If you may have been exposed to HIV within the last 72 hours, seek urgent in-person or emergency healthcare now. Do not wait for symptoms, a routine appointment, or an online consultation before seeking PEP assessment.
PrEP and PEP do not prevent other STIs or pregnancy. A clinician can discuss testing, prevention options, and follow-up based on your situation.
Ask about current local PrEP options
Oral and longer-acting prevention options have different testing, dosing and follow-up requirements. Availability varies between South African facilities and programmes, so ask what is actually offered locally. Do not use someone else’s PrEP tablets as an improvised PEP course or assume one dose provides immediate protection. A clinician can help plan ongoing prevention after emergency PEP care.
Key Takeaways
- PrEP is taken before possible HIV exposure; PEP is considered after exposure.
- PEP is time-sensitive: seek assessment as soon as possible and within 72 hours.
- PEP generally involves a 28-day course and follow-up.
- PrEP and PEP do not prevent other STIs or pregnancy.
Sources & further reading
General health information; speak with a qualified healthcare professional for advice about your own care.